
In the United States, it is possible for two members of the same party to run against each other in an election. This occurs when more than one person wants to represent the party in the election. To decide who will represent the party, a primary election is held, in which only party members can vote. However, in some states, independent voters are allowed to vote in primary elections. While it is possible for two members of the same party to run against each other, it is unlikely as it would split the party's resources and votes.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Can two people from the same party run against each other in the general election? | Yes |
| Is there a primary election? | Yes, to decide who will represent the party in the general election |
| Who can vote in the primary election? | Only party members, except in some states where there are same-day party registration or open primaries |
| Can the losing primary candidates run an independent or third-party campaign? | Yes |
| Is it likely that two members of the same party will run against each other in the general election? | No, because the party would not want to split its resources |
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What You'll Learn
- Yes, two members of the same party can run against each other in the general election
- Candidates must win the primaries of their political party to be the party's candidate
- Losing primary candidates can run an independent campaign
- Political parties are not part of the Constitution, so they can run elections as they choose
- Parties can operate like a monarchy, with candidates being descendants of previous candidates

Yes, two members of the same party can run against each other in the general election
In the 2020 election, for example, Warren, Sanders, Biden, and several others wanted to represent the Democrats in the general election. So, the Democrats held primary elections to decide on one candidate. Similarly, the Republicans also held a primary election, although there was no major challenger to Trump, which is usually the case for a sitting president.
However, it is uncommon for two members of the same party to run against each other in the general election. This is because political parties would not want to split their resources between two candidates. Instead, they would prefer to focus their efforts and funding on one candidate to increase their chances of winning.
It is worth noting that losing primary candidates can still choose to run an independent or third-party campaign after the primaries and follow the process to be allowed on the ballot outside the party lines. However, most candidates do not take this route as it may split the party vote and inadvertently benefit another party.
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Candidates must win the primaries of their political party to be the party's candidate
In the United States, candidates must win the primaries of their political party to be the party's candidate in the general election. This is true for candidates seeking to challenge a sitting president from their own party or those running against a candidate from another party.
A primary election is an election held within a political party to choose the party's candidate for the general election. In most cases, only members of the party can vote in the primary election. However, some states have same-day party registration or open primaries, allowing undeclared voters to participate.
The primary process ensures that each party has a single candidate to represent them in the general election. This is important because running multiple candidates from the same party in the general election could split the party's resources and votes.
In the case of a sitting president seeking reelection, they must also participate in their party's primary and win to become the party's official candidate. For example, in 2020, a few Republicans ran against Donald Trump in the primaries, but he ultimately secured the party's nomination with a significant majority of the vote.
While it is possible for two members of the same party to run against each other in the general election, it is uncommon. In most cases, the losing candidates in the primaries will choose not to run independently to avoid splitting the party's vote and potentially benefiting the opposing party.
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Losing primary candidates can run an independent campaign
In the United States, a primary election is held within each political party to determine the single candidate that will represent the party in the general election. In the case of the Republican and Democratic parties, the incumbent president usually does not face a major challenger in the primary election. However, it is possible for losing primary candidates to run an independent or third-party campaign after the primaries.
Running as an independent candidate allows individuals to bypass the traditional party system and seek elected office without the support or affiliation of a major political party. This can be appealing to individuals who hold political views that are not adequately represented by the existing parties or who wish to present themselves as a more independent alternative to voters.
One example of a losing primary candidate who ran an independent campaign is Theodore Roosevelt, the former Republican President who was rejected by his party in 1912. In response, Roosevelt started his own party, the Progressive Party (also known as the Bull Moose Party), and ran in the general election as an independent candidate. While Roosevelt's independent campaign split the Republican vote, allowing the Democratic candidate Woodrow Wilson to win with only 41% of the vote, it also demonstrated the potential impact of independent candidates on the electoral landscape.
In recent years, there has been a growing trend of outsider candidates running as independents or third-party representatives, challenging the traditional two-party system. For instance, in the 2024 presidential election, the presence of high-profile independent candidates such as Robert F. Kennedy Jr. and Cornel West has added an uncommon dynamic to the race. These independent candidates have the potential to siphon support from the major-party candidates, potentially impacting the outcome of the election.
However, it is important to note that independent and third-party candidates often face significant challenges in terms of polling numbers and electoral success. Despite their potential to attract attention and influence the political discourse, it is uncommon for these candidates to win the presidency or secure a significant share of the popular vote.
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Political parties are not part of the Constitution, so they can run elections as they choose
Political parties in the United States are not part of the Constitution and can, therefore, run their elections as they see fit. If more than one person wants to represent a party in a general election, the party will hold a primary election to decide on a single candidate. Only party members typically vote in these primary elections, although some states have same-day party registration or open primaries that allow independent voters to participate.
It is possible for two members of the same party to run against each other in a general election. However, this is uncommon, as it would split the party's resources and votes. For example, in the 1912 election, former Republican President Theodore Roosevelt was rejected by the Republican Party and started his own party, the Progressive Party (Bull Moose Party), to run against the Republican candidate. This resulted in a split vote, with the Democratic candidate, Woodrow Wilson, winning with only 41% of the vote, while the two Republican candidates split the remaining 51%.
In some cases, losing primary candidates may choose to run an independent or third-party campaign after the primaries, although this is also uncommon for the same reasons of not wanting to split the party vote.
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Parties can operate like a monarchy, with candidates being descendants of previous candidates
While political parties are not monarchies, it is true that family members from the same dynasty or descendants of previous candidates have run for office in the US. This is not because of any official rule or law, but rather a pattern that has emerged over time.
In the United States, it is possible for two members of the same party to run against each other in an election. This occurs when more than one person wants to represent the party in the election, and the party holds a primary election to decide on a single candidate. In this situation, the incumbent president must also win the primaries to become the party's candidate.
For example, in 2020, several Democrats, including Warren, Sanders, and Biden, wanted to represent the party in the general election. The Democrats held primary elections to choose their candidate, and eventually, Joe Biden became the nominee.
Similarly, in 1912, former Republican President Theodore Roosevelt wanted to run for another term, but the Republican Party rejected him. Roosevelt then started his own party, the Progressive Party (also known as the Bull Moose Party), and ran in the general election against the official Republican candidate.
While it is possible for multiple candidates from the same party to run in an election, it is generally not in the party's best interest to do so, as it can split their resources and votes.
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Frequently asked questions
Yes, it is possible for two members of the same party to run against each other in an election.
A primary election is held within the party to decide who will represent them in the general election.
Normally, only party members can vote in the primary election, but some states have same-day party registration or open primaries where undeclared voters are allowed to vote.
Parties want to avoid splitting their resources and votes between two candidates.
Yes, in 1912, former Republican President Theodore Roosevelt wanted to run for another term but the Republican Party rejected him. He then started his own party, the Progressive Party (Bull Moose Party), and ran in the general election.


















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