The Ground Floor: What Makes A Home's Foundation

what constitute the ground floor of a residential building

The ground floor of a residential building is defined as the floor with a building entrance on an accessible route. This floor may or may not be at grade level. In British English, the ground floor is the floor of a building at street level, while in American English, this floor is usually called the first floor. Upper ground floors and lower ground floors serve distinct purposes depending on the setting. In residential buildings, upper ground floors often serve as living spaces, while lower ground floors are used for storage and entertainment areas.

Characteristics Values
Definition The ground floor is defined as a floor of a building with a building entrance on an accessible route.
Level In British English, the ground floor is at street level. In American English, the floor at street level is usually called the first floor.
Upper Ground Floor Upper ground floors are often used for residential apartments, living spaces, and communal areas.
Lower Ground Floor Lower ground floors are often used for commercial spaces, storage, and entertainment areas.
Height The height of each storey is generally around 3.0 m (10 ft) but can vary widely.

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Ground floor vs first floor

The ground floor of a residential building is defined as the floor with a building entrance on an accessible route. This floor may or may not be at grade level. If the first floor contains dwelling units, it must be served by a building entrance on an accessible route and will then be considered the ground floor. If more than one story can be designed with an accessible entrance, then each story becomes a ground floor.

In British English, the floor of a building at street level is called the ground floor, while the floor above it is the first floor. In American English, the street-level floor is usually called the first floor, and the floor above it is the second floor. However, in public buildings in the US, it is also common to refer to the street-level floor as the ground floor, as in Britain.

Upper ground floors and lower ground floors serve different purposes in residential, commercial, and industrial settings. Upper ground floors in residential buildings often accommodate living spaces and communal areas, while lower ground floors are used for storage and entertainment. In commercial settings, upper ground floors are used for retail and dining, while lower ground floors may be used for offices and storage.

Lower ground floors are located below the entrance level of a building and offer privacy and extra space for businesses or homes. They are also commonly used for commercial purposes, providing extra storage space and helping to reduce sound transfer. Upper ground floors, sometimes called "garden flats," offer increased access to outdoor space, providing a balance between accessibility and privacy.

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Upper ground floor

The ground floor of a residential building is defined as the floor with a building entrance on an accessible route. This floor may or may not be at grade level. In the case of buildings with multiple dwelling units, the ground floor is often considered the floor with an entrance that is easily accessible to all units.

Now, what about the upper ground floor?

The upper ground floor is typically situated above the ground level but is not considered a full first floor. It is usually slightly elevated compared to the standard ground floor and is often encountered when entering the building through the main entrance. This floor is typically raised off the ground and is the most visible, being closest to the street level. Upper ground floors are often made up of smaller apartments or offices, ideal for those who don't require ample space. They are easily accessible, well-lit, and usually have large windows, making them desirable and commanding higher prices.

In residential buildings, upper ground floors often serve as living spaces, providing a balance between accessibility and privacy. They are also referred to as "garden flats" due to their increased access to outdoor spaces like balconies, terraces, or gardens. These features offer residents an extra layer of privacy and a sense of solitude.

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Lower ground floor

The ground floor of a residential building is defined as a floor with a building entrance on an accessible route. Where the first floor containing dwelling units is above grade, all units on that floor must be served by a building entrance on an accessible route, and this floor will be considered the ground floor.

The lower ground floor is a type of flooring that is located below the entrance level of a building. It is often referred to as a basement floor and can be made from a variety of materials, such as concrete, wood, or tile. Lower ground floors are attractive to potential tenants as they offer privacy and are not easily accessible by the public. They are also commonly used for commercial use, providing extra storage space and helping to reduce sound transfer.

In residential settings, lower ground floors often serve as storage and entertainment areas. They can add considerable value to a property and provide additional space for homes. They are also more affordable than upper ground floors due to their location, requiring stairs or elevators to reach.

In terms of privacy, lower ground floors offer enhanced privacy from the street as they are below eye level. However, residents may experience reduced privacy from people walking on upper ground floors or balconies.

In commercial environments, lower ground floors are often used for offices, shops, and storage facilities, while in industrial settings, they may be utilized as warehouses or research laboratories.

The height of each storey in a building is based on the ceiling height of the rooms plus the thickness of the floors between each pane. In tall buildings, there may be utility floors of greater height, and higher levels may have less floor area than the ones beneath them.

In certain countries, the first level below ground may be labelled with a "B" for Basement, "LL" for Lower Level, "C" for Cellar, or "U" for Underground.

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Accessible entrances

The ground floor of a residential building is defined as a floor with a building entrance on an accessible route. This floor may or may not be at grade level. If a building has more than one story with an accessible entrance on an accessible route, then each of those stories is considered a ground floor.

The ground floor of a residential building should have an accessible entrance on an accessible route. This is especially important for buildings without elevators, as per the Fair Housing Act Design Manual. In such buildings, only ground-floor dwelling units are covered, and each unit must be on an accessible route.

The accessible entrance should be usable, with dwelling unit doors that can be easily opened and closed. This is particularly important for the primary entry door.

Public and common-use areas should also be accessible and usable. This includes areas such as hallways, patios, and garages. However, these areas are not covered by the Guidelines.

In residential buildings with multiple dwelling units, each ground-floor dwelling unit should have a separate exterior entrance.

For buildings with common entrances, such as those with ground floors over shops or garages, accessible entrances are still a requirement.

The accessible entrance should be clearly marked, especially in buildings with multiple floors that could be considered the main floor. This is mandated by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in the United States, ensuring accessibility for all.

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Basement

A basement is an area of a residential building that is partially or entirely underground. The word "basement" is usually used when the space below the ground floor is habitable and typically has its own access.

There are several types of basements, including:

  • Masonry Wall Basements: These basements have walls made of masonry blocks, but they are prone to water seepage, so waterproofing is essential.
  • Precast Panel Basements: These are constructed off-site and lifted into place using a crane. They are made of high-strength, low-water concrete, which helps prevent water damage.
  • Poured Concrete Wall Basements: These basements have walls made of poured concrete, which are strong, dense, and more fire and water-resistant.

Frequently asked questions

The ground floor is defined as a floor of a building with a building entrance on an accessible route. The ground floor may or may not be at grade.

In residential settings, upper ground floors often accommodate living spaces and communal areas, while lower ground floors serve as storage and entertainment areas. Upper ground floors are typically above the ground level and have a balcony, terrace or garden that residents can use, providing an extra layer of privacy and a sense of solitude. Lower ground floors are located below the entrance level of a building and offer more privacy as they are not easily accessible by the public.

In British English, the floor of a building at street level is called the ground floor. The floor above it is the first floor, and the floor below is called the basement. In American English, the floor at street level is usually called the first floor. The British first floor is the second floor in American English.

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