Jonah Patel
The respiratory system is structurally divided into the upper and lower respiratory tracts. The upper respiratory tract brings air into the body and moves it towards the lungs. It includes the nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, and larynx. The lower respiratory tract consists of the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and lungs. The trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles form a series of tubes that transport air from the upper respiratory tract to the lungs. The main function of the respiratory system is to breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Upper respiratory tract | The upper respiratory tract includes the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and the portion of the larynx above the vocal cords. |
| Major passages and structures | Nose or nostrils, nasal cavity, mouth, throat (pharynx), and voice box (larynx). |
| Function | Brings air into the body and helps move it toward the lungs. It adds moisture to the air we breathe in. |
| Lower respiratory tract | The lower respiratory tract includes the larynx below the vocal cords, the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and the lungs. |
| Organs | The lungs are the largest organs in the lower respiratory tract. |
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What You'll Learn
- The upper respiratory tract includes the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and the portion of the larynx above the vocal cords
- The lower respiratory tract includes the trachea, bronchi, and lungs
- The lungs are the largest organs in the lower respiratory tract
- The tracheobronchial tree is a portion of the lower respiratory tract
- The upper respiratory tract brings air into the body and moves it toward the lungs
The upper respiratory tract includes the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and the portion of the larynx above the vocal cords
The respiratory system is made up of several organs that work together to help us breathe. The respiratory tract, a subdivision of the respiratory system, is involved with the process of conducting air to the alveoli for gas exchange. The respiratory tract is divided into two sections: the upper respiratory tract and the lower respiratory tract.
The lower respiratory tract includes the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and the lungs. The trachea, or windpipe, bifurcates into the left and right main bronchi, one for each lung. The bronchi and bronchioles are composed of elastic tissue and make up the tracheobronchial tree, a series of tubes that transport air from the upper respiratory tract to small air sacs in the lungs (alveoli).
The lungs are the largest organs in the lower respiratory tract and are considered the main organs of the respiratory system. They are suspended within the pleural cavity of the thorax and are divided into lobes. The right lung has three lobes, while the left lung has two lobes. The alveoli are the only part of the lung that exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood.
The upper and lower respiratory tracts interact with each other. Glands are abundant in the upper respiratory tract, but there are fewer in the lower respiratory tract, and they are absent starting at the bronchioles. Most upper respiratory tract infections are caused by viruses, producing symptoms of the common cold.
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The lower respiratory tract includes the trachea, bronchi, and lungs
The respiratory system is made up of several organs that work together to oxygenate the body through the process of respiration (breathing). The respiratory tract is divided into two sections: the upper and lower respiratory tracts.
The lungs are the largest organs in the lower respiratory tract. They are suspended within the pleural cavity of the thorax, surrounded by two thin membranes, one cell layer thick, which allows the lungs to move freely within the cavity while expanding and contracting during breathing. The lungs are divided into lobes: the right lung has three lobes, and the left lung has two lobes. The alveoli are the only part of the lungs that exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood.
The lower respiratory tract is also called the respiratory tree due to its branching structure of airways supplying air to the lungs. The main function of the respiratory system is to bring oxygen into the lungs and move carbon dioxide out of them (gas exchange). The respiratory system works closely with the circulatory system to achieve this.
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The lungs are the largest organs in the lower respiratory tract
The respiratory system is made up of several organs, including the lungs, airways, pharynx, larynx, nose, and mouth. The respiratory tract, a subdivision of the respiratory system, can be categorized into upper and lower compartments. The upper respiratory tract includes the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and the portion of the larynx above the vocal cords. It brings air into the body and helps move it toward the lungs. The lower respiratory tract includes the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and the lungs.
The lungs are divided into lobes, with the right lung having three lobes and the left lung having two lobes. The right lung is larger than the left to accommodate the heart, which is situated to the left of the midline. In addition to the lobes, the lungs contain the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli. The alveoli are the small air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs, allowing oxygen to be extracted from the inhaled air and carbon dioxide to be expelled from the body.
The tracheobronchial tree, a part of the lower respiratory tract, conducts air from the upper airways to the lungs. It consists of the trachea and the intrapulmonary airways, including the bronchi and bronchioles. The trachea bifurcates into the left and right main bronchi, which connect to the left and right lungs, respectively. The bronchi and bronchioles are composed of elastic tissue, with smooth muscle encircling the bronchioles.
The lungs are made up of different types of cells, including epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells. The epithelial cells form the lining of the tracheal and bronchial tubes, while the mesenchymal cells line the lungs. Overall, the lungs play a crucial role in the respiratory system, facilitating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process of breathing.
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The tracheobronchial tree is a portion of the lower respiratory tract
The respiratory system is made up of the lungs, airways, pharynx, larynx, nose, and mouth. Its primary function is to breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. The respiratory system can be divided into the upper and lower respiratory tracts.
The upper respiratory tract brings air into the body and helps move it toward the lungs. It includes the nasal cavity, sinuses, and larynx. The larynx is sometimes included in both the upper and lower airways. The upper respiratory tract can also be defined as the parts of the respiratory system lying above the vocal folds or above the cricoid cartilage.
The lower respiratory tract consists of the trachea, bronchi, and lungs. The trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles (small airways) make up the tracheobronchial tree, a series of tubes that transport air from the upper respiratory tract to small air sacs in the lungs (alveoli). The tracheobronchial tree is a portion of the lower respiratory tract.
The tracheobronchial tree has a branching structure of approximately 23 branches or generations extending from the trachea to the last order of terminal bronchioles. The trachea is composed of C-shaped cartilage rings stacked one on top of another, with a narrow thin membrane connecting each ring. The trachea allows the passage of air into the lungs and provides an important role in the mucociliary clearance of the respiratory system. The trachea originates at the inferior edge of the larynx and connects to the left and right main stem bronchi. The bronchi then branch into secondary bronchi (lobar bronchi), which supply lobes of each lung. The secondary bronchi further divide into narrower tertiary bronchi (segmental bronchi), which supply bronchopulmonary segments. The segmental bronchi then branch into numerous smaller airways, called the bronchioles. The terminal bronchioles further divide into respiratory bronchioles, which are distinguished by the presence of alveoli extending from their lumens. Altogether, there are around 300 million alveoli in adult lungs, providing a large surface area for adequate gas exchange.
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The upper respiratory tract brings air into the body and moves it toward the lungs
The respiratory system is made up of the lungs, airways, pharynx, larynx, nose, mouth, trachea, and bronchi. Its primary function is to breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. The respiratory tract can be divided into two sections: the upper and lower respiratory tracts.
The upper respiratory tract can refer to the parts of the respiratory system lying above the vocal folds or the cricoid cartilage. The larynx is sometimes included in both the upper and lower airways. The upper airway extends from the sinonasal region to the larynx.
The lower respiratory tract includes the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and the lungs. The trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles make up the tracheobronchial tree, a series of tubes that transport air from the upper respiratory tract to small air sacs in the lungs called alveoli. The lungs are the largest organs in the lower respiratory tract and are considered the main organs of the respiratory system. They are composed of thirteen different kinds of cells, eleven types of epithelial cells, and two types of mesenchymal cells.
The upper and lower respiratory tracts work together to facilitate breathing and gas exchange. The respiratory tract is lined with respiratory epithelium as respiratory mucosa, which protects the tract as air moves through it.
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Frequently asked questions
The upper respiratory tract includes the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and the portion of the larynx above the vocal cords. The respiratory system is lined with a mucous membrane that secretes mucus, which traps smaller particles like pollen or smoke.
The lower respiratory tract includes the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and the lungs. The lungs are most often considered part of the lower respiratory tract but are sometimes described separately.
The respiratory tract is the subdivision of the respiratory system that conducts air to the alveoli for the purposes of gas exchange in mammals. The main function of the respiratory system is to bring oxygen into the lungs and move carbon dioxide out of them.
