
The phrase the one percent is often used in discussions about wealth and inequality, but what does it actually mean to be a member of this elite group? The top 1% is typically defined by income and net worth, and the criteria for inclusion vary depending on location and local wage trends. For example, in some places, a person needs to earn over $1 million per year to be considered part of the 1%, while in other areas, the threshold is lower. Net worth is often considered a better indicator of long-term financial stability and overall wealth than income alone, as it takes into account all assets and investments minus any debts. The top 1% has been criticised for earning disproportionately high incomes and holding a significant share of the world's wealth, with income inequality becoming a major political issue in recent years.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Average net worth | $13.7 million |
| Average income | $407,500 per year for an individual |
| Average income | $591,550 per year for a household |
| Minimum net worth | $13,666,778 |
| Minimum income | $377,895-$659,503 |
| Minimum income | $435,302 in West Virginia |
| Minimum income | $450,606 in Kansas |
| Minimum income | $538,926 nationwide |
| Minimum income | $547,737 in New Jersey |
| Minimum income | $554,719 in Washington, D.C. |
| Minimum income | $563,672 in Colorado |
| Minimum income | $659,979 in Connecticut |
| Minimum income | $1,210,000 in Summit Park, Utah |
| Minimum income | $1,390,000 in Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, Connecticut |
| Minimum income | $1,650,000 in Jackson, Wyoming-Idaho |
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What You'll Learn
- The top 1% income threshold varies by location and local wage trends
- The top 1% in the US is defined by a net worth of over $13.6 million
- The top 1% in China had assets of $1.1 million in 2023
- The top 1% in Switzerland are those with a wealth of $8.5 million or more
- The top 1% income is driven by owner-managers of small and medium-sized companies

The top 1% income threshold varies by location and local wage trends
The top 1% income threshold varies significantly across different locations and is influenced by local wage trends. In 2020, the national threshold for the top 1% income in the United States was an annual income of $538,926. However, this figure can differ substantially depending on the state. For example, in California, the threshold for the top 1% is $659,503, while in Arkansas, it is significantly lower at $377,895.
The income required to be part of the top 1% can also vary based on metropolitan areas within a state. In 2013, the threshold in Connecticut was $659,979, but in the Jackson, Wyoming-Idaho ski resort area, the cutoff was even higher at $1.65 million. Similarly, in 2016, the minimum income to be a one-percenter in Summit Park, Utah, was $1.21 million, while in Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, Connecticut, it was $1.39 million.
Some states have a lower threshold for the top 1% income. For instance, in 2020, the threshold in Kentucky was less than $400,000, and in Louisiana, it was approximately $423,138. West Virginia has the lowest threshold among the states, with an income of $435,302 sufficient to be considered part of the top 1%.
It is worth noting that the income threshold for the top 1% is subject to change over time due to factors such as inflation and wage growth. According to one source, an individual would need an average income of $407,500 per year to join the top 1% nationally, while a household would need an average of $591,550.
While income is an important factor in determining the top 1%, net worth should also be considered. The minimum net worth of the top 1% of households is estimated to be approximately $13.7 million. This figure provides a different perspective on wealth accumulation compared to annual income.
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The top 1% in the US is defined by a net worth of over $13.6 million
While income and wealth are correlated, it is important to note that they are not interchangeable. Net worth is a more useful measure of the highest classes, as it reflects accumulated wealth rather than annual income. The top 1% of households and nonprofit organizations in the US held 31.9% of all net worth in the country as of the first quarter of 2022, while the lower 50% held just 2.5%.
Income thresholds for the top 1% vary by state, with higher thresholds in states like Connecticut, California, and New York, and lower thresholds in states like Arkansas, Kentucky, and West Virginia. For example, in 2013, the minimum household income to join the top 1% nationally was $389,436, while in Connecticut, it was $659,979, and in Summit Park, Utah, it was $1.21 million. As of 2020, the national income threshold to be in the top 1% was $538,926, with the average income among this group being about $1.7 million.
The gap between the rich and the poor in the US has been widening, with the wealthiest 1% seeing their net worth increase much faster than the rest of the population. This has led to proposals from politicians to impose higher taxes on the wealthy, such as Sen. Elizabeth Warren's ultra-millionaire tax and Sen. Bernie Sanders' estate tax hike.
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The top 1% in China had assets of $1.1 million in 2023
The global wealth disparity has been a growing concern for many. The top 1% of the world's population owns a disproportionate amount of wealth, and this disparity has only increased over time. In 2023, the top 1% in China held assets valued at $1.1 million or more. This figure represents the super-rich in Chinese society, those with personal wealth of 100 million yuan or above.
In recent years, there has been a notable exodus of Chinese millionaires, with a reported 13,800 high-net-worth individuals leaving the country in 2023, a significant 28% increase from 2022. This migration of wealth has had economic repercussions, with overseas firms withdrawing a record $15 billion from China in the second quarter of 2024. The Chinese government has attempted to address this issue by reassuring individuals in the private sector and adopting a more business-friendly approach.
The threshold for being considered part of the top 1% varies depending on location and local wage trends. In certain parts of the United States, the standard for joining the top 1% club is significantly higher than in other regions. For example, in Connecticut, an individual needed a minimum income of $659,979 to be part of the top 1% in 2013, while in Jackson, Wyoming, the cut-off was an impressive $1.65 million.
The income disparity in the United States has also been a cause for concern. The top 1% of American households have seen their net worth steadily rise over the years, reaching about 225 times the net worth of the average household by 2009. The minimum net worth of the top 1% of households in the United States is estimated to be approximately $13.7 million, with individuals needing an average income of $407,500 per year to join this exclusive club.
The wealth disparity between the top 1% and the rest of the population has widened over the years, and this trend is expected to continue. The top 1% in China, with assets valued at $1.1 million or more, represent a small but significant segment of Chinese society, contributing to the global trend of increasing wealth concentration among a select few.
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The top 1% in Switzerland are those with a wealth of $8.5 million or more
The concept of being part of the top 1% has to do with income and wealth inequality. While the income of the top 1% is an important factor, it is also crucial to consider their wealth, which includes the assets they own. In Switzerland, the top 1% is defined by a wealth threshold of $8.5 million or more, which is significantly higher than the average wealth of Swiss households.
In 2024, there were 2,781 billionaires globally, an increase of 141 from the previous year. The wealth of the top 1% has grown at a much faster rate than the rest of the population, leading to increasing income inequality. This disparity is evident in countries like the United States, where the top 1% of households and nonprofit organizations held 31.9% of all net worth in the first quarter of 2022, while the lower 50% held only 2.5%.
The threshold to be considered part of the top 1% varies depending on the country and local wage trends. For example, in 2013, the minimum household income to be part of the top 1% in the United States was $389,436, but this amount differed significantly by state, with higher thresholds in Connecticut, Washington, D.C., and New Jersey. In certain metropolitan areas, such as the Jackson, Wyoming-Idaho ski resort area, the cutoff was even higher at $1.65 million.
While income is a significant factor, it is worth noting that wealth includes assets such as property, investments, and other valuable possessions. This distinction is important because individuals with high net worth may have relatively low incomes if their wealth is tied up in illiquid assets, such as real estate or certain types of stocks. Therefore, when considering the top 1%, it is essential to look beyond income and understand the broader picture of wealth distribution.
In Switzerland, the threshold of $8.5 million or more in wealth places individuals firmly within the top 1%, reflecting a significant level of wealth accumulation and a notable disparity from the average Swiss household. This figure underscores the concentration of wealth within a small percentage of the population and highlights the income and wealth inequality present in Switzerland.
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The top 1% income is driven by owner-managers of small and medium-sized companies
The top 1% of earners in the US have grown richer much faster than the rest of the population. In 2013, the average family income of the top 1% was 25 times the average income of the other 99%. The income threshold to be part of the top 1% varies by location and local wage trends. For instance, in 2021, the threshold was $1 million in California, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Washington, while in West Virginia, it was $435,302.
The income of the top 1% is driven by owner-managers of small and medium-sized companies, specifically S corporations, partnerships, and limited liability companies. These individuals are talented managers, and the profits of the companies they run are far higher than those owned by people in the top 5-10%. The average company in the top 1% of income has $7 million in sales and 57 employees. The businesses earning the most profits in the top 1% were physicians' and dentists' offices, professional and technical services, and specialty trade contractors.
The increasing income disparity between the top 1% and the rest of the population can be attributed to several factors. One factor is the incentive for business owners to change their corporate organization from the traditional C corporation, taxed at a higher corporate rate, to a partnership, limited liability corporation, or S corporation, which are taxed at lower individual rates. By 2011, these pass-through entities accounted for most of the business income in the US. Additionally, the rise of certain in-demand skills has increased the amount companies are willing to pay to acquire them, further magnifying the income disparity.
The top 1% of earners in the US face higher tax rates, with proposals from politicians like Sen. Elizabeth Warren and Sen. Bernie Sanders aiming to impose additional taxes on the ultra-wealthy. However, these ideas have struggled to gain widespread support. While the top 1% income group includes high-earning individuals in various industries, the focus of tax policies and public attention is often on the giant multinational corporations and technology giants rather than small and medium-sized businesses.
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Frequently asked questions
The amount varies by location and local wage trends. In 2024, an individual needed to make at least $407,500 per year to be in the top 1%. In some states, the threshold is over $1 million, while in others, it is lower. For example, in West Virginia, the top 1% of earners need to make $435,302, while in Connecticut, the threshold is $1,192,947.
The minimum net worth of the top 1% of households is roughly $13.7 million. The average wealth of households in the top 1% was about $35.5 million in the second quarter of 2024.
The top 1% of households hold a significant portion of the total wealth. For example, in the first quarter of 2022, the top 1% of households and nonprofit organizations held 31.9% of all net worth in the United States. This wealth disparity has been increasing over time, with the top 1% growing richer much faster than the rest of the population.

























