Jonah Patel
The Indian Constitution, which was ratified on 26 January 1950, is divided into various parts, chapters, and schedules, each serving a specific purpose. The schedules, inspired by the Government of India Act 1935, are lists that organise and categorise administrative and legislative details. Initially, there were eight schedules, but now, there are 12, with the additional four being added through amendments. They cover diverse topics like land reforms, allocation of powers, official languages, and emoluments of officials. Schedules ensure the organised implementation of constitutional provisions, aiding governance, division of powers, and responsibilities across various entities.
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What You'll Learn
- Schedules in the Indian Constitution are lists that organise and categorise administrative and legislative details
- There are 12 schedules in the Indian Constitution, initially, there were only eight
- The first schedule outlines the names and boundaries of states and union territories
- The seventh schedule contains the union list, state list and concurrent list
- The ninth schedule was added to the constitution by the first amendment in 1951
Schedules in the Indian Constitution are lists that organise and categorise administrative and legislative details
The Indian Constitution, the supreme law of the country, was ratified on 26 January 1950. It consists of 448 articles, 25 parts, and 12 schedules, initially starting with eight schedules. The schedules in the Indian Constitution are lists that organise and categorise administrative and legislative details. They cover a range of topics, including territorial organisation, local governance, official languages, land reforms, allocation of powers, and emoluments of officials.
The schedules serve as appendices to the main body of the Constitution, providing supplementary information and ensuring a clear understanding of the constitutional provisions. They aid in the organised implementation of these provisions, enhancing governance and the division of powers and responsibilities across various entities.
The First Schedule of the Constitution mentions the names and boundaries of states and Union Territories. It is updated whenever a new state is formed, two states are merged, or boundary alterations are made. The Second Schedule outlines emoluments, privileges, and oaths of constitutional office holders, while the Third Schedule provides the standardised forms of these oaths and affirmations. The Fourth Schedule specifies the allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha, which can have a maximum of 250 members, 12 of whom are nominated by the President.
The Fifth and Sixth Schedules address the administration of scheduled areas and tribal areas, respectively. The Sixth Schedule, for instance, includes provisions for the administration of the tribals in the northeastern states of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram, allowing for the setup of autonomous district councils to protect the tribal population. The Seventh Schedule contains the Union List, State List, and Concurrent List, delineating the subjects that each government has the exclusive authority to enact legislation for. The Union List has 100 topics, the State List has 61, and the Concurrent List has 52. The Eighth Schedule recognises the official languages of India, initially listing 14 languages, and now recognising 22. The Ninth Schedule was added by the First Amendment in 1951 to protect land reform and other laws from judicial review. The Tenth Schedule, added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976, introduced provisions for the disqualification of MPs and MLAs under the anti-defection law. The Eleventh Schedule contains the powers, authority, and responsibilities of Panchayats, and the Twelfth Schedule details the same for Municipalities.
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There are 12 schedules in the Indian Constitution, initially, there were only eight
The Indian Constitution, the supreme law of the country, is divided into various parts, chapters, and schedules, each serving a specific purpose. The schedules, inspired by the Government of India Act 1935, function as appendices or attachments to the main body of the Constitution. They contain specific lists, classifications, and other details that supplement the constitutional provisions. Schedules ensure organised implementation of constitutional provisions, aiding governance, division of powers, and responsibilities across various entities.
Initially, the Indian Constitution contained eight schedules, but over time, their number increased to 12 through amendments. The four additional schedules were added to address the dynamic needs of the nation. The first three schedules deal with the administrative aspects of the country. The First Schedule outlines the names and boundaries of states and union territories. The Second Schedule outlines emoluments, privileges, and oaths of constitutional office holders, while the Third Schedule provides standardised forms of oaths and affirmations.
The Fourth Schedule specifies the allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha, which can have a maximum of 250 members, 12 of whom are nominated by the President. The Fifth and Sixth Schedules address the administration of scheduled areas and tribal areas, respectively. The Sixth Schedule contains provisions for the administration of tribal areas in the northeastern states of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram. Autonomous district councils can be set up in these states to protect the tribal population.
The remaining schedules cover a range of topics, including official languages, the validation of certain Acts and Regulations, and the disqualification of members of Parliament and state legislative assemblies on the grounds of defection. The Seventh Schedule contains the Union List, State List, and Concurrent List, outlining the topics that each government body has the authority to legislate on. The Eighth Schedule recognises the official languages in India, with 22 languages currently recognised. The Ninth Schedule was added to protect land reform and other laws from judicial review. The Tenth Schedule introduced provisions for the disqualification of MPs and MLAs under the anti-defection law. The Eleventh Schedule contains the powers, authority, and responsibilities of Panchayats, while the Twelfth Schedule contains the powers, authority, and responsibilities of Municipalities.
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The first schedule outlines the names and boundaries of states and union territories
The Indian Constitution, ratified on 26 January 1950, is the supreme law of the country, providing the framework for its governance and functioning. It initially contained eight schedules, but now has 12, which are lists that organise and categorise administrative and legislative details.
The First Schedule lists the States and Union Territories of India. It includes the territories specified in sub-section (1) of section 9 of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, and the First Schedule to the Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh (Transfer of Territories) Act, 1959, but excludes the territories specified in section 3 of the Madhya Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000. It also includes the territories specified in the First Schedule to the Andhra Pradesh and Madras (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1959, but excludes the territories specified in the Second Schedule to the Andhra Pradesh and Madras (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1959, and the territories specified in section 3 of the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014.
The First Schedule is an integral component of the constitutional framework, providing essential details, classifications, and procedural guidelines necessary for the effective functioning of the Indian state. It serves as an appendix or attachment to the main body of the Constitution, providing supplementary information that ensures clarity and ease of understanding without cluttering the main text.
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The seventh schedule contains the union list, state list and concurrent list
The Indian Constitution, which was ratified on 26 January 1950, initially contained eight schedules, but now has 12. The schedules organise detailed lists or provisions related to specific constitutional aspects like governance, privileges, and responsibilities. They cover diverse topics like land reforms, allocation of powers, official languages, and emoluments of officials.
The Seventh Schedule, under Article 246 of the Constitution, deals with the division of powers between the Union and the states. It contains three lists: the Union List, the State List, and the Concurrent List. The Union List enumerates subjects on which the Parliament has exclusive powers to legislate, while the State List details subjects under the purview of state legislatures. The Concurrent List, on the other hand, includes subjects in which both the Parliament and state legislatures have jurisdiction. However, in case of a conflict, the Constitution provides federal supremacy to Parliament on Concurrent List items.
The Union List is a list of 97 or 99 subjects (originally 97), depending on the source, or 100 topics, according to another source. These include defence, foreign affairs, banking, and communication. The State List originally included 66 subjects, now reduced to 59 or 61, depending on the source. The Concurrent List originally included 47 subjects, now increased to 52, according to a source.
The Seventh Schedule is a cornerstone of India's federal structure, ensuring a clear division of powers between the Union and States. It has been amended several times, with items moving from the State List to the Concurrent List and vice versa, representing centralisation.
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The ninth schedule was added to the constitution by the first amendment in 1951
The Indian Constitution, which was ratified on 26 January 1950, is the supreme law of the country. It provides the framework for its governance and functioning. One of its distinctive features is its division into various parts, chapters, and schedules, each serving a specific purpose. The schedules of the Indian Constitution were inspired by the Government of India Act 1935, which also contained schedules.
The schedules of the Indian Constitution are lists that organise and categorise administrative and legislative details. Initially, the Constitution had 8 schedules, but over time, their number increased to 12 through amendments. They cover diverse topics like land reforms, allocation of powers, official languages, and emoluments of officials. Schedules ensure organised implementation of constitutional provisions, aiding governance, division of powers, and responsibilities across various entities.
The Ninth Schedule allowed the Parliament to bring in reforms without being restricted by the Fundamental Rights. While only 13 Acts were introduced at first, around 282 Acts have been added to the Ninth Schedule since then. Most of these Acts or Regulations deal with land reforms and the abolition of the Zamindari system, but some additions to this list were controversial, such as the Emergency laws in the 1970s.
The validity of the Ninth Schedule was challenged in the IR Coelho Case, where it was upheld by the Supreme Court of India. The Court ruled that laws placed in the Ninth Schedule are open to judicial scrutiny and that such laws do not enjoy blanket protection. The Court further stated that laws placed under the Ninth Schedule after 24 April 1973 are open to challenge in court if they violate Fundamental Rights or the 'basic structure' of the Constitution.
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Frequently asked questions
The schedules of the Indian Constitution are lists that organise and categorise administrative and legislative details. They serve as appendices or attachments to the main body of the Constitution, providing clarity, classification, and procedural details regarding various aspects of governance, administration, and representation.
Schedules ensure the organised implementation of constitutional provisions, aiding governance, the division of powers, and responsibilities across various entities. They provide supplementary details related to the articles and parts of the Constitution, ensuring clarity and ease of understanding without cluttering the main text.
The Indian Constitution originally contained 8 schedules, but over time, their number increased to 12 through amendments.
The First Schedule outlines the names and boundaries of states and union territories. The Second Schedule details emoluments, privileges, and oaths of constitutional office holders, while the Third Schedule provides the standardised forms of these oaths and affirmations. The Fourth Schedule specifies the allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha, and the Fifth and Sixth Schedules address the administration of scheduled areas and tribal areas, respectively.
The Sixth Schedule contains provisions for the administration of tribal areas in the northeastern states of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram. It allows for the establishment of autonomous district councils to protect the tribal population in these states.
